Lithography

Lithography

Lithography is a planographic printing technique where a design is drawn onto a flat stone or a metal plate, and adhered via chemical reactions.

Lithography is a printing method that relies on the principle that grease and water don't mix. To create an image, a greasy substance, like special ink (called tusche), crayon, or synthetic materials, is applied to a textured surface (usually aluminium nowadays, but traditionally on stone). Also, photochemical or transfer processes can be used.

Next, a solution of gum arabic and nitric acid is spread over the surface, making certain areas water-absorbent (non-printing) and others grease-absorbent (image areas). To print, the surface is kept wet, allowing an ink roller with oil-based ink to be rolled over it. The ink only sticks to the grease-receptive image areas. Finally, paper is placed against the surface, and the plate is passed through a press to create the print.


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